Image from USDA
Characteristics of Tennessee’s Planting Region
Tennessee has a predominantly humid subtropical climate, though the eastern part of the state—especially at higher elevations—leans toward a humid continental pattern.
Here’s what gardeners in Tennessee can typically expect:
- Hot, humid summers across much of the state, with July highs often reaching 88°F to 92°F (31°C to 33°C)
- Cold winters, especially in the eastern highlands, with January lows in the 20s°F (-6°C to -2°C)
- Milder winters in the west and south, where lows generally stay above freezing
- Annual rainfall between 50 to 60 inches (127–152 cm), with peaks in spring and late fall
- A growing season that ranges from around 160 days in the east to over 220 days in western Tennessee
The state’s generous frost-free window supports two full growing seasons for many vegetables and allows for a wide range of planting options throughout the year.
Challenges of Growing in Tennessee
Unpredictable Spring Weather
Late frosts in April and sudden heat spikes in early May are common, especially in the eastern and central parts of the state. These fluctuations can disrupt seedling growth and stress young plants.
High Humidity and Pest Pressure
Tennessee's humid conditions are ideal for fungal diseases such as early blight, root rot, and downy mildew. Gardeners must also deal with pests like squash vine borers, aphids, and Japanese beetles. Preventive care, such as crop rotation, mulching, and choosing disease-resistant cultivars, is essential for long-term success.
Clay and Rocky Soils
Soil types vary across Tennessee. Much of Middle and West Tennessee has heavy clay soil that can retain water and compact easily, making it tough on plant roots. East Tennessee, especially in the mountain areas, has more rocky or sandy soil that may drain well but often lacks nutrients. Amending with compost and organic matter is usually necessary regardless of region.
The Benefits of Using a Greenhouse in Tennessee
Adding a greenhouse to your garden in Tennessee can help you take full advantage of the state’s long growing season while protecting against temperature swings and excess moisture.
1. Extend Your Growing Season
- Without a Greenhouse: Outdoor planting typically begins in late April and wraps up by mid-October.
- With a Greenhouse: Start seeds as early as February and continue harvesting into late November or beyond—especially if you add supplemental heat or insulation.
Learn more about your area's specific growing dates and the best vegetables to plant in each part of Tennessee.
Customer images of their Greenhouse setup in Tennessee
2. Grow a Wider Variety of Vegetables Without a Greenhouse:
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Without a Greenhouse
Tennessee supports many popular crops like:
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Sweet corn Peppers Corn Potatoes |
Squash Melons Okra Apples |
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With a Greenhouse
You can grow cool-season and heat-sensitive crops with ease, including:
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Cilantro Spinach Kale Arugula Swiss chard Broccoli Limes Peas |
Brussels sprouts Cabbage Carrots Radishes Beets Turnips Celery Cucumber |
Bell peppers Eggplant Figs Green beans Asparagus Artichokes Kohlrabi Melons |
